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Directions 4

Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the table,
2. suggest possible solutions to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in China.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

国家                   大学年平均学费                国民人均年收入            比值   
美国                     4，700美元                      35，000美元                  1/8   
英国                      1，500英镑                        15，000英镑             1/10   
中国                         7，500元                          7，500元                         1

审题：

在审题的环节中，我们应当将读图表（图画）和看提纲有机地结合起来。有的时候，提纲中会把文章的主题直接给出来，这时我们文章的整体布局就会容易得多。在这道题的提纲中，就出现了“中国大学学费负担沉重的问题”的字样，这就是该文的主题，我们的文章应该围绕它展开。

Sample:

From the above table we can see that in America and Britain the ratio of average annual tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has received more and more concern from all over the country.

In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost, it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities, most of whom now have a disproportionately large number of administrators. The now widespread corruption should also be eliminated in universities, such as unnecessary tours and banquets at public expense. Moreover, much importance should be attached to the reform of management system of higher education. The national government should not only increase financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.

To sum up, it is high time to pay enough attention to the problem of the heavy burden of university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.

点评：

该文共分三段，第一段是描述表格，第二段是给出解决办法，第三段是总结。
第一段是对表格进行描述——这时我们不一定要把每个数据都描述出来，而是要抓住问题的关键。这个表格的关键就是体现我国大学学费太高，依据就是学费与国民人均年收入之比。美国与英国处于差不多的水平，所以放在一起说就可以了。该段共分三句话，第一句将比例描述出来，第二句作出比较——中国家庭负担的大学学费是英美国家的十倍之多。第三句进一步说明我国大部分家庭感觉负担较重，有些家庭根本就负担不起。
第二段提出解决办法，第一句是模板句，之后分两方面来说。第一方面说的是减少高等教育的成本，分为两个方面，一是减员增效，二是消除腐败。第二方面说的是高教管理体制的改革。国家应加强高等教育的投资，并合理配置这些资金。
最后一段是总结，说解决大学学费成为沉重负担问题正值其时，全面改革势在必行。

心得：

提纲中如果出现文章主题，一定要把握住，这直接决定了文章的谋篇布局。
描述图表时不一定要面面俱到，只要抓住重点即可。

写原因或解决办法的段落时条理一定要清楚，一般分为三点（也有两点或四点的情况），不一定是权威的解释，我们并非是专门研究该问题的专家，阅卷老师也不会太苛求，只要符合情理即可。关键是语言表达一定要准确，如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。

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