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　　悉尼是澳大利亚的首都，澳大利亚是一个非常注意文明的国家，澳大利亚人民虽然非常热情好客，

         sydney's landmark opera house

　　australia's premier city is the oldest settlement in australia， the economic powerhouse of the nation.

　　the sydney area was the ancestral home of the daruk tribe， whose territory extended from botany bay to pittwater. there are some 2000 aboriginal (土著居民的)rock engraving sites in the sydney area， and many of sydney's suburbs have aboriginal names. the city of sydney began life as a penal colony(指英国放逐犯人的殖民地) in 1788， and for the next 60 years received the unwanted， persecuted and criminal elements of british society. despite its brutal beginnings， the city's mixture of pragmatic egalitarianism(平等主义)and plain indifference has transformed it into a thriving multicultural society. sydney now attracts the majority of australia's immigrants and the city's predominantly anglo-irish heritage(传统)has been revitalized by large influxes of italian， lebanese， turkish， greek， chinese and vietnamese.

　　the centre of sydney is on the south shore of the harbour， about 7km (4mi) inland from the harbour heads. the cbd (中央商务区) has become a mini manhattan of skyscrapers vying(竞争的;竞赛的)for dominance and harbour views， but its relentlessness (指城市钢筋水泥建筑的丛林给人留下的硬邦邦的感觉) is softened by shady hyde park and the domain parkland to the east， darling harbour to the west and the main harbour to the north. the sydney harbour bridge and the harbour tunnel link the city centre with the satellite cbd of north sydney and the suburbs of the north shore. the city's airport， kingsford smith (otherwise known as mascot)， is about 10km (6mi) south of the city centre. central station， sydney's main train station， is in the south of the city centre， and the main bus terminal is just outside it.

　　the city has a population of 3.7 million and is growing fast.

　　the harbour is the focal point of the city， and its beaches， coves(小海湾)， bays and waterside parks offer welcome release from the rigours (条件艰苦)of urban life. criss-crossed by ferries and carpeted by yachts on weekends， it is both the city playground and a major port. the string of ocean beaches on the north and south shores offer dramatic cliff scenery， great waves and a close-up of aussie beach culture at its best.kings cross is the city's budget accommodation (住宿经济)centre. there are heaps of good restaurants in darlinghurst， kings cross， paddington and glebe， and a few around circular quay. for cafés， try oxford and victoria sts in darlinghurst， stanley st in east sydney， king st in newtown or norton st in leichhardt. sydney's theatres are scattered around the edge of the cbd， the opera house is on the edge of circular quay. the best nightlife is centred on oxford st and kings cross. louts in the city centre on friday and saturday night can make it a less than enjoyable experience. the rocks can be fun， but the area is overtly aimed at tourists.

 

　　澳大利亚是一个非常注意文明的国家，澳大利亚人民虽然非常热情好客，但如你不注意你的言行举止，你有可能会招来白眼或训斥，甚至于警察的光临。

　　澳大利亚人衣着比较随便，旅客也宜以轻便为主。不是出席正规场所不必西装革领。

　　澳大利亚的自来水十分清洁，可随时饮用。

　　在国内人们喜欢高声谈笑，但在澳大利亚你千万得注意场合，公众场合，如集会场所，火车，巴士，商场等。澳大利亚人喜欢细声谈话，大声谈话会引人注目，以为你是在吵架或是喜欢捣乱的捣乱分子。

　　买东西，办事情要注意排队。有些时候虽没排队，但也有先来后到之分，每到一地先注意看看有多少人是在你之前，自觉等候。

　　不要随地吐痰，扔烟头，丢垃圾。在澳大利亚这些是会被罚款的。

　　不要驱逐小动物，更不能打鸟。澳大利亚人非常爱护小动物。鸟类更受法律保护。

　　办晚会，唱卡拉ok要注意控制音量，晚十点以后最好要关上窗门并放小音量。否则会引起邻居的不满或招来警察。

　　乘坐火车一定要买票，虽然车站台有时没人查票，但一旦遇到火车巡检员，你要负几十倍的票价，并被记录在案，一旦再犯你将被吊销签证。并可能使你终生没有机会再到澳大利亚。

　　澳大利亚的土著较为保守，亦不喜欢旅客替他们拍照，请勿贸然偷拍，以免误会。

　　一些标有不可拍照的地方，亦宜遵守。

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